Authentication and Evaluation
of Paintings
Read about the artist
From TFAO
The Distinguished
Artists Series provides links to biographical information for deceased
American painters, sculptors and photographers of note indexed in alphabetical
order with references to Resource Library articles and essays, plus
links to other sites.
Resource Library is a comprehensive web-based publication devoted to American
representational art. It contains thousands of articles and essays.
Resource Library's content time line spans the Colonial period to
the present and covers significant artistic achievement in every state of
the Union, while building an interconnected body of knowledge including,
but not limited to, the relationships of American artists to their teachers
in foreign nations and America, the history of American art centers, schools
and ateliers, and the evolution of methods and styles of artistic expression.
Articles and essays in Resource Library are permanently
archived in multiple ways: by date published,
by author, by American
Representational Art topic, through institutional
source and state location
of each institution. Access is immediate by using any of the three index
methods. The Resource Library indexing methods allow for fast and
convenient pursuit of knowledge by readers. Each American
Representational Art topic index constitutes a publication in its own
right as each topic index is rich in periodically published new content.
In addition, search engines have indexed much text within Resource Library,
which is a major benefit to persons researching information in the publication.
TFAO's Catalogue of Online
Articles and Essays (published outside of Resource Library) contains
hundreds of links to substantive texts.
From other online sources
The Smithsonian American Art Museum also has a database
of over 1,200 artist biographies that are searchable
online.
AskArt
hosts blogs for tens of thousands of American artists and provides auction
results and analysis. AskArt estimates that over 9,000 books, exhibition
records and periodicals have been reviewed in connection with its database.
The database also has information on over 1,500 museums.
Abbeville Press has online sections of American art books that it sells. Go to
their web site and look in subject categories for "American Art,"
"Art History" and "Artist Monographs." When a book is
selected go to "Sample Contents" The following books have excerpts
you can read and images you can see:
- American Art of the Twentieth Century Tiny Folio: Treasures of the
Whitney Museum of American Art (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Foreword,
Introduction], Interior Images)
- American Impressionism, Second Edition (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt,
Interior Images)
- American Treasures of the Corcoran Gallery of Art (Table of Contents,
Text Excerpt [Indroduction], Interior Images)
- Andy Warhol (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Introduction], Interior
Images)
- Audubon's Birds of America Tiny Folio (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt
[Indroduction] Interior Images)
- Bernhard Gutmann An American Impressionist (Table of Contents, Text
Excerpt [Indroduction] Interior Images)
- California Impressionism (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [In Praise
of Nature by Will South], Interior Images)
- Childe Hassam, Impressionist (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt, Interior
Images, 23 page PDF excerpt)
- Coastal Images of America: Paintings by Ray Ellis (Table of Contents,
Text Excerpt [Preface, Foreword, Introduction], Interior Images)
- Contemporary American Folk Art: A Collector's Guide (Table of Contents,
Text Excerpt [Indroduction], Interior Images)
- Covering the New Yorker:
Cutting Edge Covers from a Literary Institution (Text Excerpt [Indroduction],
Images)
- David Hockney (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Indroduction] Interior
Images)
- Fine Art of the West (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Indroduction],
Interior Images)
- Impressionist New York (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Indroduction],
Interior Images)
- John Singer Sargent (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Indroduction
], Interior Images)
- Keith Haring: Future Primeval (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Prologue],
Interior Images)
- Martha's Vineyard: An Affectionate Memoir (Table of Contents, Text
Excerpt [Preface], Interior Images)
- Mary Cassatt: Paintings And Prints (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt
[Indroduction], Interior Images)
- Masters of American Sculpture: The Figurative Tradition (Table of Contents,
Text Excerpt [Introduction], Interior Images)
- Norman Rockwell: 332 Magazine
Covers (14-page PDF containing Indroduction and Images)
- Ray Ellis in Retrospect (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt, Interior
Images)
- Roy Lichtenstein (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Introduction], Interior
Images)
- Sargent Abroad: Figures And Landscapes (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt
[Introduction], Interior Images)
- Thomas Eakins: His Life and Art (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Introduction],
Interior Images)
- Thomas Kinkade: Paintings of Radiant Light (Table of Contents, Text
Excerpt [Chapter 1: The Artist and His World], Interior Images)
- William Glackens (Table of Contents, Text Excerpt [Chapter 1: Early
Life and Travels], Interior Images)
Amazon.com sells a great many of the American art books in print. Amazon
has a feature that allows people on the Web to read text inside books. To
use this feature, search in "books," then enter title of book.
When book is selected go to "look inside" and read sample pages
of the book selected, which may include color images of the front cover,
front flap, table of contents, excerpt such as the introduction chapter,
alphabetical index, back flap and back cover. Also, some books have a word
search feature, which enables registered individuals to search inside the
books and pull up individual pages containing the selected words. [Click
here for more on Amazon.com's project and
other digitizing initiatives.] The following books are examples for reference:
- African-American Art by Sharon F. Patton (search inside)
- African American Art and Artists, Revised and Expanded Edition by Samella
Lewis (search inside)
- American Art: A Cultural History by David Bjelajac
- American Art: History and Culture by Wayne Craven (includes excerpt)
- American Arts at the Art Institute of Chicago: From Colonial Times
to World War I by Art Institute of Chicago
- American Century: Art and Culture 1900-1950, The by Barbara Haskell
- American Drawings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art Volume 3: John
Singer Sargent by Stephanie L. Herdrich, H. Barbara Weinberg, Marjorie
Shelley
- American Impressionism, 2nd Edition by William H. Gerdts (includes
excerpt)
- American Visions : The Epic History of Art in America by Robert Hughes
(includes excerpt)
- An American Odyssey: The Warner Collection of American Fine and Decorative
Arts by Tom Armstrong (search inside)
- Artful Players: Artistic Life in Early San Francisco by Birgitta Hjalmarson
(search inside)
- Bay Area Figurative Art: 1950-1965 by Caroline A. Jones (search inside)
- California Impressionism by William H. Gerdts
- California Impressionists by Susan Landauer (includes excerpt)
- Carlson's Guide to Landscape Painting by John F. Carlson (includes
excerpt)
- Celebrity Caricature in America by Wendy Wick Reaves
- Collecting African American Art : Works on Paper and Canvas by Halima
Taha (includes excerpt)
- Contemporary Folk Art: Treasures from the Smithsonian American Art
Museum (Treasures from the Smithsonian American Art Museum Series) by Tom
Patterson
- Complementary Visions of Louisiana Art: The Laura Simon Nelson Collection
at the Historic New Orleans Collection by William H. Gerdts (includes excerpt)
- Cos Cob Art Colony: Impressionists on the Connecticut Shore, The by
Susan G. Larkin
- Flash of the Spirit : African & Afro-American Art & Philosophy
by Robert Farris Thompson (includes excerpt)
- Hudson River School: American Landscape Artists (American Art), The
by Bert D. Yaege
- Impressionist New York by William H. Gerdts (includes excerpt)
- Independent Spirits: Women Painters of the American West, 1890-1945
by Patricia Trenton (search inside)
- Lure of the West: Treasures from the Smithsonian American Art Museum
by Amy Pastan
- Maine in America: American Art at the Farnsworth Art Museum by William
A. Farnsworth Library and Art Museum, Christopher B. Crosman, Pamela J.
Belanger ,William H. Gerdts, Fronia W. Simpson
- Minnesota Impressionists by Rena Neumann Coen ,William H. Gerdts
- Native American Art in the Twentieth Century: Makers, Meanings, Histories
by W. Jackson Rushing (search inside)
- Native North American Art (Oxford History of Art) by Janet Catherine
Berlo (search inside)
- Nineteenth-Century American Art by Barbara S. Groseclose (search inside)
- Rave Reviews : American Art and its Critics (1826 - 1925) by David
B. Dearinge
- Skilled Work: American Craft in the Renwick Gallery, National Museum
of American Art, Smithsonian Institution by Kenneth R. Trapp (includes
excerpt)
- Souls Grown Deep: African American Vernacular Art of the South: The
Tree Gave the Dove a Leaf by Paul Arnett (search inside)
- Spirit of Native America: Beauty and Mysticism in American Indian Art,
The by Anna Lee Walters (search inside)
- Tile Club and the Aesthetic Movement in America by Ronald G Pisano
(includes excerpt)
- Traditional African American Arts and Activities by Sonya Kimble-Ellis
(search inside)
- Walter O. Evans Collection of African American Art, The by Andrea D.
Barnwell
From books
Reference books include:
- Everything written or co-authored by William H. Gerdts, one of America's
foremost art historians. Amazon.com has an extensive list of his survey
books including:
- A Century of American still-life painting, 1813-1913
- American Art at the Flint Institute of Arts
- American Impressionism, 2nd Edition
- American Impressionism: Masterworks from public and private collections
in the United States exhibition catalogue
- A Painter's Paradise: Artists and the California Landscape Essays
- Art Across America: The East and the Mid-Atlantic
- Art Across America: The Plains States and the West
- Art Across America: The South and the Midwest
- Art Across America: Two Centuries of Regional Painting
- At the Waters Edge: 19th & 20th Century American Beach Scenes
- California Impressionism
- California Light 1900-1930
- Complementary Visions of Louisiana Art: The Laura Simon Nelson Collection
at the Historic New Orleans Collection
- Friedman Collection: Artists of Chicago, March 7-April 6, 2002,
The
- Down Garden Path : The Floral Environment in American Art
- Golden Age of American Impressionism, The
- Grand Illusions: History Painting in America (Anne Burnett Tandy
Lectures in American Civilization, No 8)
- Great American Nude: A history in art (American art & artists),
The
- Impressionist New York
- Indiana Influence: The Golden Age of Indiana Landscape Painting,
Indiana's Modern Legacy an Inaugural Exhibition of the Fort Wayne Museum
of Art, 8 April-24 June 1984
- In Natures Ways: American Landscape Painting of the Late Nineteenth
Century
- Lasting Impressions: American Painters in France, 1865-1915
- Maine in America: American Art at the Farnsworth Art Museum
- Masters of Light: Plein-Air Painting in California 1890-1930
- Masterworks of American Impressionism
- Masterworks of American Impressionism from the Pfeil Collection
- National Museum of American Art's Index to American Art Exhibition
Catalogues: From the Beginning through the 1876 Centennial Year, The
- Natural Habitat: Contemporary Wildlife Artists of North America
- Not-So-Still Life: A Century of California Painting and Sculpture,
The
- Painters of the Humble Truth: Masterworks of American Still-Life
Painting
- Pennsylvania Impressionism
- Revealed masters: 19th century American art [catalogue of] an exhibition
organized by American Federation of Arts, New York
-
- Books by other authors:
-
- Brigham, David R, American Impressionism: Paintings of Promise,
ISBN: 0764903594
-
- Brown, Milton W. American Painting from the Armory Show to the Depression.
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1955.
-
- Falk, Peter Hastings, ed. Who Was Who in American Art. Madison,
Conn.: Sound View Press, 1999.
-
- Groce, George C., and David H. Wallace, eds. The New-York Historical
Society's Dictionary of Artists in America, 15641860. New Haven:
Yale University Press, 1957.
-
- Havlice, Patrice Pate, ed. Index to Artistic Biography. Metuchen,
N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1981-.
-
- Igoe, Lynn Moody, and James Igoe. 250 Years of Afro-American Art:
An Annotated Bibliography. New York: R.R. Bowker, 1991.
-
- Optiz, Glenn B., ed. Dictionary of American Sculptors: 18th Century
to the Present. Poughkeepsie, N.Y.: Apollo Book, 1984.
-
- Optiz, Glenn B., ed. Mantle Fielding's Dictionary of American Painters,
Sculptors, and Engravers. Poughkeepsie, N.Y.: Apollo Book, 1983.
-
- Prown, Jules David. American Painting from its Beginnings to the
Armory Show. New York: Rizzoli, 1987.
Also see TFAO's lists of American Art Reference Books.
Go back to steps you can take
Go back to Authentication and Evaluation
of Paintings
While Traditional Fine Art Organization, Inc (TFAO) does
not provide authentication services, the information in this report is provided
as a public service and may be of help to readers studying approaches to
authentication and evaluation of their works of art. Names and addresses
of consultants or vendors.are provided only as referrals for your further
consideration. TFAO is not paid by consultants or vendors for listings in
this report and does not receive any referral fees from them. Please use
due diligence in employing these or other consultants or vendors. TFAO takes
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