The Eight and American
Modernisms
March 6 - May 24, 2009
The Eight's Chronology: 1907-57
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- INSTITUTIONS (abbreviations in text)
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- American Association of Painters and
- Sculptors (AAPS)
- Art Institute of Chicago (AIC)
- Barnes Foundation, Merion,
- Pennsylvania (BF)
- Brooklyn Museum (BM)
- Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh (CI)
- Corcoran Gallery of Art,
- Washington, DC (CGA)
- Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (MMA)
- Museum of Modern Art, New York (MoMA)
- National Academy of Design, New York (NAD)
- Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts,
- Philadelphia (PAFA)
- Philadelphia Museum of Art (PMA)
- Phillips Memorial Gallery, later The Phillips Collection,
Washington, DC (PC)
- Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (WMAA)
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- 1907
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- Socialite and sculptor Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney establishes
studio in MacDougal Alley, Greenwich Village, becoming Lawson's neighbor
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- Lawson solo show at PAFA, wins Sesnan Medal for best
landscape painting for The River in Winter (1907; WMAA)
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- March Henri withdraws from
NAD spring show after colleagues' works are rejected
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- April Henri and friends first
meet to plan independent show
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- May "The Eight"
first appears in New York Sun article
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- Prendergast accepts Davies's invitation, leaves for France,
returns late October
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- Fall Newspaper articles on
The Eight's show appear
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- 1908
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- Corporate lawyer and modern art collector John Quinn
acquires two Lawson landscapes (unrecorded)
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- Feb. 3-17 The Eight show
at Macbeth Galleries:
- 63 paintings, 7000 visitors
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- March 7-19 The Eight show
travels to PAFA
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- Spring The Eight and Henri's
students' artworks hung together at NAD's annual show
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- Lawson awarded NAD's First Hallgarten Prize for Ice
on the Hudson (unlocated), elected NAD associate member
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- Sept.-Dec. The Eight show
travels to AIC; Toledo Museum of Art; Detroit Museum of Art
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- 1909
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- Jan.-May The Eight show travels
to John Herron Art Institute, Indianapolis; Cincinnati Art Museum; Carnegie
Institute; Bridgeport Public Library,
- Connecticut; Newark Public Library, New Jersey
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- Henri School of Art opens
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- Modern art collector Lizzie Bliss acquires first Davies
painting
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- Henri meets color theorist, paint manufacturer Hardesty
G. Maratta
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- 1910
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- April Independent Artists
Exhibition, organized by Henri and Sloan, includes Prendergast, Glackens,
Shinn, Lawson, and Davies
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- Luks first solo show at Macbeth Galleries
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- June Henri awarded International
Fine Arts Exposition, Buenos Aires's Silver Medal for Willie Gee (1904;
Newark Museum)
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- Nov. Sloan joins Socialist
Party, runs for New York State Assembly on Socialist ticket.
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- 1911
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- Jan. Davies solo show at
AIC, which acquires Maya, Mirror of Illusions (c. 1910)
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- March Independent Artists
Exhibition, organized by Rockwell Kent, includes Davies, Luks, and Prendergast
but not Henri
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- April Union League Club of
New York show, organized by Henri with Glackens, includes The Eight
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- Shinn solo show at Union League Club
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- June Prendergast to Italy,
returns January 1912
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- Nov. Emma Goldman invites
Henri to teach classes at the Modern School of the Ferrer Center
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- Dec. Davies, Glackens, Lawson,
and Luks present at the first meeting of the AAPS, instrumental in organizing
"International Exhibition of Modern Art," known as the Armory
Show
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- 1912
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- Modern art collector Duncan Phillips acquires first Lawson
painting, High Bridge - Early Moon (by 1910) and Albert C.
Barnes purchases several of Lawson's paintings
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- Sloan acting art director of socialist political magazine
The Masses; in 1916 resigns from the publication and from the Socialist
Party
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- Jan. Davies elected AAPS
president
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- Feb. Glackens to Paris for
Barnes, purchases modern French art
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- March Davies solo show at
Macbeth Galleries
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- Glackens first solo show at Madison Art Gallery
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- Sept. Henri visits the Salon
d'Automne and Gertrude Stein in Paris
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- Dec. Davies makes AAPS appointments:
Glackens chair of Committee on Domestic Exhibits; Lawson and Henri on Committee
on Foreign Exhibits; only Prendergast on both committees
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- 1913
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- Barnes purchases first work by Sloan, Nude, Green
Scarf (1913; unlocated)
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- Feb. 17- March 15
Armory Show draws some 300,000 visitors to view 1300 works; The Eight artists,
except Shinn, participate; modified show travels to Chicago and European
section to Boston
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- April Davies awarded CI's
honorable mention for Sleep Lies Perfect in Them (1908; Worcester
Art Museum)
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- Nov. Davies organizes show
of contemporary American art for CI
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- 1914
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- Prendergast elected AAPS president; Henri, Luks, and
Sloan later resign; association disbands
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- Feb. Henri awarded PAFA's
Beck Medal for Herself (1913; AIC acquired in 1924)
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- June Panama-California Exposition,
San Diego, Henri organizes art show
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- Prendergast and brother Charles move to Greenwich Village
studio in same building as Glackens
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- 1915
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- Panama Pacific Exposition, San Francisco: Davies exhibits
40 paintings; Lawson wins gold medal; Henri wins silver medal
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- Lawson awarded AIC's Blair Prize for Winter (1914;
MMA), his first painting to enter MMA
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- Prendergast first retrospective at Carroll Galleries:
modern art collectors Quinn, Barnes, and Ferdinand Howald buy works
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- 1916
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- Glackens elected first president of Society of Independent
Artists; Prendergast and Sloan are officers
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- Forum Exhibition of Modern American Painters, organized
by Alfred Stieglitz and Willard Huntington Wright, with Henri in honorary
capacity
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- CGA's Clark Gold Medals awarded to Davies for Castalias
(c. 1916; Hirshhorn Gallery); Lawson for Boathouse, Winter Harlem
River (c1915; CGA); Luks for Woman with Maccaw (1907; Detroit
Institute of Arts)
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- Lawson awarded NAD's Altman Prize for Pigeon Coop
(c. 1916; private collection)
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- Sloan solo show at Whitney Studio
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- 1917
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- Lawson elected Associate Member of NAD; awarded NAD's
Inness Gold Medal for Hills at Innwood (1914; Columbus Museum of
Art)
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- Sloan elected president of Society of Independent Artists
(serves until 1944)
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- 1918
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- Whitney Studio Club founded; Glackens, Prendergast, Sloan
early members
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- Luks awarded PAFA's Temple Gold Medal for Houston
Street (1917; St. Louis Art Museum)
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- 1919
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- Prendergast's first work acquired by a museum, monotype
The Ships (c. 189597; Memorial Art Gallery at the University
of Rochester)
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- 1920
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- Lawson awarded PAFA's Temple Gold Medal for Ice-Bound
Falls (1919; AIC)
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- Davies solo show at AIC
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- Shinn show at Knoedler Galleries (last until 1937)
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- 1921
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- MMA organizes its first modern art show, "Loan Exhibition
of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Paintings," proposed by Bliss
and Quinn
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- Sloan sells Dust Storm (1906) to MMA
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- Lawson awarded NAD's Altman Prize and CI's First Class
medal for Vanishing Mist (c. 1916-21; CI)
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- March "Overseas Exhibition
of American Paintings," organized by Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney,
travels to International Art Exhibition in Venice; London's Grafton Galleries;
and Whitney Studio (in November); includes Davies, Glackens, Henri, Lawson,
Luks, Prendergast, and Sloan
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- April National Arts Club
honors Henri at testimonial dinner at Salmagundi Club
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- Fall PC founded, acquires
Davies's Flood (c. 1903) and Along the Erie Canal (1890);
Luks's Sulky Boy (c. 1908) and The Dominican (1912); and
Henri's Dutch Girl (1910, later reworked)
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- 1922
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- Barnes Foundation established
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- Glackens solo show at Whitney Studio Club
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- Duncan Phillips purchases Sloan's Wake of the Ferry
II (1907) and Six O'Clock, Winter (1912) and works by Lawson,
Luks, and Prendergast
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- 1923
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- Davies awarded CI's First Class medal for Afterthoughts
of Earth (c. 1921; Jane F. Clark collection, fig. 7)
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- Henri's The Art Spirit is published
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- Prendergast awarded CGA's Clark Third Prize Bronze Medal
for Landscape with Figures (1921; CGA)
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- 1924
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- Davies solo show at Dayton Art Institute; AIC; Worcester
Art Museum
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- Glackens awarded PAFA's Temple Gold Medal for Nude
(1924, unlocated)
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- Feb. 1 Prendergast dies
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- Summer Henri spends five
months in Ireland annually until 1929
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- 1925
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- Barnes publishes The Art in Painting and the short-lived
Journal of the Barnes Foundation to pioneer education on modern
art; BF's museum functions as an educational institution with little public
access
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- Davies solo shows at CGA; CI; Baltimore Museum of Art
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- Luks opens the George Luks School of Painting
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- Glackens travels frequently to France until 1931; health
begins to decline
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- Fall AIC purchases Glackens's
At Mouquin's (1905)
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- 1926
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- Luks awarded AIC's Logan Medal for The Player (c.1925;
The Arkell Museum)
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- Cleveland Museum of Art organizes first Prendergast memorial
retrospective
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- Sloan awarded Philadelphia Sesquicentennial International
Exposition's gold medal for etching Hell-Hole (1917)
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